handicrafts

میوه خوری قسمت بیرونی کاملا فیروزه ای و داخل آن از ترکیب رنگ های شاد کار شده .

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Handicrafts 2020 is mentioned as the most valuable product - Enjoy the most beautiful handicrafts in the world Your choice in this year 2020 carpet

مروری بر هنر مینا کاری یادگاری دیرینه برای ایرانیان

مینا کاری هنر درخشان آتش و خاک است، با رنگ های پخته و درخشان که سابقه آن به 1500 سال پیش از میلاد می رسد و ظهور آن بر روی فلز در طول سده ی ششم تا چهارم پیش از میلاد و پس از سال 500 پیش از میلاد مشاهده می شود. هنرمیناکاری در ایران بیش از نقاط دیگر تجلی داشته  و یکی از نمونه های قدیمی آن  درعهد صفویه توسط شاردن جهانگرد فرانسه ذکر شده است که قطعه ی مینایی از کارهای اصفهان بوده، مشتمل بر طرحی از پرندگان و حیوانات بر زمینه گل و بته به رنگ آبی کم رنگ و سبز و زرد و قرمز.

سابقه ی هنر میناکاری در ایران به زمان اشکانیان و ساسانیان می رسد؛ ولی استفاده از آن در آغاز اسلام ، تا پیش از حکومت ایلخان مسلمان مغول ، غازان خان (694 تا 703 هجری) روشن نیست. پادشاه در مدت کوتاهی به علم شیمی دست یافت و بر خلاف پیشینیان که مبالغ هنگفتی در راه پیدا کردن اکسیر صرف می کردند ترجیح داد که دانش و مساعی خود را صرف هنر میناکاری نماید.هنر میناکاری را می توان یکی از اختراعات خلاقه ی بشر دانست .

روی اشیاء طلایی و نقره ای هم می توان میناکاری کرد ولی اساساً میناکاری بر روی مس انجام می شود. برای فراهم آمدن مینا چند مرحله باید طی شود؛ به این ترتیب که ابتدا آن چیزی را که می خواهند میناکاری کنند به هر شکل و هر اندازه باید به وسیله مسگر ِ متخصص به شکل لازم در آید و پس از آن که ساخته شد استاد میناکار به آن لعاب سفید رنگ می دهد، معمولاً سه الی چهار بار لعاب داده می شود و در هر بار، شی ء ،  به کوره می رود و حدود 700 درجه حرارت می بیند تا رنگ لعابش ثابت شود. بعد روی آن با رنگ های گوناگون نقاشی می شود. سپس شیء  باز به کوره می رود و حدود 400 تا 500 درجه حرارت می بیند تا رنگها به صورت مطلوب درآید.
برای میناکاری در تهیه رنگ قرمز از طلا هم استفاده می شود. رنگ سبز مینا از مس  و رنگ زرد آن از گل ماش به دست می آید. رنگ آبی و فیروزه ای از فلزات و رنگ سفید از رنگ مخصوص تهیه می شده است که در شهر سامره از شهرهای عراق نوع خوب آن را به دست می آورده اند. 

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